There are few things (0) ______ uniquely French than the humble baguette. (10) ______ , the baguette has been in decline in recent years, as traditional bakeries struggle against the rise of large supermarkets and the increasing popularity of sourdough. But now (11) ______ to celebrate, as UNESCO adds the baguette to its cultural heritage list. The body announced that it (12) ______ "the special know-how and culture of baguette bread" to its list of 600 other items, joining things like traditional tea making in China and a Korean mask dance – both also included for the first time in 2022. Its inclusion "celebrates the French way of life," UNESCO chief Audrey Asoulay said, adding: "The baguette is a daily ritual, a structuring element of the meal, (13) ______ to sharing and joy." The exact origin of the baguette is not known. Some suggest the bread was ordered by Napoleon because it would be easier for soldiers to carry, (14) ______ others suggest it came along later – an easy bread for workers to tear and share without the need of a knife in Paris. Others still credit an Austrian baker in the 1830s for its shape. (15) ______ , the baguette as we know it today was only officially named just over 100 years ago, in 1920. It was then that strict rules about what classed as a baguette were put in place – standardised at 80cm and 250g. It even had a fixed price until 1986. By the middle of the 20th century, the baguette had won over the country. (16) ______ the fact that since 1970 400 artisanal bakeries have closed down each year, the baguette remains key to French identity. Parisian baker Priscilla Hayertz acknowledged to AFP that it was "a basic product" but one "that affects all socio-cultural categories, (17) ______ you're rich or poor... it doesn't matter, everyone eats baguettes."
